I wasn't supposed to be sitting in an erstwhile dictator's armchair. But the velvet rope and the DO NOT TOUCH sign sitting atop the '70s-era desk seemed like mere suggestions in this empty bunker. And so I plopped myself down on the dusty, garishly colored armchair, put on a steely frown like an iron-fisted strongman, and asked my friend Charles to snap a photo of me.
Welcome to Albania, long one of the oddest and most overlooked nations in Europe. It's rugged. It's fascinating. It smells like grilled meat. During the latter half of the 20th century, this southeast European country was competing with North Korea as one of the most isolated nations on the planet. Since the Communist regime fell in 1991, things have not been good for Albania. In the 1997 film "Wag the Dog," Albania was chosen as the target of a fake war by the U.S. government (to cover up a presidential sex scandal) simply because very few Americans had ever heard of it or knew where it was. That same year, though, news junkies may have heard about how Albania's economy collapsed when nearly everyone in the country invested in a shady pyramid scheme. As it has limped to recovery, Albania has seen some of its Balkan brethren — Croatia, Slovenia, Bulgaria and Romania, for example — go on to join the European Union.
The dodgy financial schemes are gone and most Americans still can't find Albania on a map, but there are some very good reasons why travelers should be invading this nation.
For starters, Albania is one of the most affordable and friendly countries in Europe. There are unspoiled beaches, limestone-clad hill towns you'll have all to yourself with the very amiable locals, and a bustling capital city. And despite the dig at them in "Wag the Dog," they have a fondness for Americans: There are statues of both George W. Bush and Hillary Clinton in Albania. When I was recently in the capital of Tirana, I learned that the country is on the verge of turning a corner in dealing with its brutal past.
New use for dictator's bunker
The dictator whose armchair I had briefly and illicitly occupied was Enver Hoxha (pronounced Ho-ja). And to understand anything about contemporary Albania, you have to become acquainted with the man who ruled over the then-socialist country from 1945 until his death in 1985. Like his mentor, Josef Stalin, Hoxha had a habit of killing off comrades who fell out of favor with him or who were suspected of leaning too far toward the free market. While he dramatically raised the literacy rate and quickly industrialized the country, it's been said he's responsible for killing or imprisoning more than 100,000 Albanians. Fearing invasion of foreign powers, mostly from its southern neighbor Greece, he famously built 750,000 dome-shaped bunkers, mostly sprinkled in the hills near border areas.
He also built a massive secret bunker on the outskirts of Tirana — which is where I managed to sneak myself into his armchair. Bunk'Art, which opened to the public in April 2016, allows guests to wander the long halls of the underground bunker where Hoxha and his commie cronies planned to retreat in the event of nuclear war. Forty of the 100 rooms are decked out with exhibits taking you either through Hoxha's reign or art installations about the country's recent history.
Bunk'Art is significant because it's the first serious attempt at reconciling Albania's 20th-century history.
"In addition to telling the history of Hoxha's rule," said Eva Haxhi, the manager of Bunk'Art, "we're specifically doing things that were prohibited before." Hence the art exhibits. They also recently put on a three-day jazz festival inside the bunker — yes, jazz had been banned, too — as well as various temporary exhibits showing formerly forbidden art.